Primary hepatic malignant fibrous histiocytoma combined with invasion of inferior vena cava

RATIONALE Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), primary presented in liver, was very rare and displayed a poor prognosis because of high aggression. As a few of cases had been reported merely, we shared the case of primary hepatic MFH combined with invasion of inferior vena cava (IVC). PATIENTS CONCERNS A 69-year-old women presented with abdominal pain. DIAGNOSES Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated a soft mass about 5.4 × 4.2 cm in the caudate lobe, accompanied with IVC invaded. INTERVENTIONS After the multidisciplinary consultation, laparotomy was performed, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Primary hepatic MFH was demonstrated pathologically. Till now, the patient was alive for >22 months after surgery and no evidence of recurrence or distant metastasis was suspected. OUTCOMES We discussed the integrated procedure of diagnosis and treatment, combined with data from literature review. LESSONS To our knowledge, the primary hepatic MFH combined with invasion of IVC was hardly reported. Despite the poor prognosis, the comprehensive treatment integrating the surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy showed the satisfactory disease-free and overall survival. However, further investigations are definitely warranted.